Epidemiologic trajectories and burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) mortality across South Asia: An analysis of Global Burden of Disease data (1990–2023) with machine learning forecasting to 2050

Despite progress in some countries, MDR-TB mortality remains elevated in populous nations, with persistent male excess. Projections highlight risks of resurgence without intensified interventions. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored, gender-sensitive strategies and enhanced regional collaboration to achieve End TB targets in South Asia.