Search for a command to run...
The polar vortices are large-scale objects of stratospheric circulation that have the significant impact not only on the temperature regime and ozone content in the polar stratosphere, but also on the weather and climate of high and middle latitudes. Using the ERA5 reanalysis data for 1940–2024, we identified defining trends in polar vortex dynamics over 85 years including the increasing variability of the Arctic vortex and gradual strengthening of the Antarctic vortex. In the dynamics of the Arctic polar vortex, in contrast to the Antarctic one, an increase in the manifestation of inconsistency can be observed over the 85-year period, both in the vertical dynamics of the vortex and in its intra-seasonal changes. The increase in the variability of the Arctic polar vortex over the 85-year period is most noticeable in the second half of winter (in January and February), which is associated with a gradual weakening of the vortex during this period and an increase in the frequency of episodic breakdown of the vortex in different years. Over the 85-year period, there has been a gradual strengthening of the Antarctic polar vortex, most intense during the winter (from June to August) in the upper stratosphere and from mid-spring to early summer (from October to December) in the lower stratosphere. In addition, we showed that over the past 85 years, there has been the significant increase in the lifetime of the Antarctic vortex, especially in the middle and lower stratosphere.