Preformed <i>vs de novo</i> anti-human leukocyte antigens-DQ antibodies in kidney transplantation: A retrospective study

Our findings underscore the clinical significance of anti-HLA-DQ DSAs in Moroccan kidney transplant recipients. While preformed DSAs with low immunogenicity may permit successful transplantation, <i>de novo</i> DSAs strongly correlate with AMR. Proactive monitoring, including routine DSA screening and HLA-DQ typing, could improve graft outcomes by enabling early intervention and better donor selection.