Study The Dielectric Properties and Response of Nanofiber Composite polymer of PVA/Chitosan for different frequencies

Abstract: This study investigates the dielectric frequency response and structural e ution of nanofiber composed polymer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with with different concentrations of added chitosan (0, 10, 20, and 30) wt%. The dielectric properties are studies at the range frequency (10-1000) KHz. The measurement of insulation properties is represented by the real and imaginary parts of permittivity (ε′ and ε″), Capacitance (Cs), Impedance (Z), Dielectric loss tangent (tan δ), and alternating current conductivity ( σ_ac). To characterize and calculate the diameters of the fabricated nanofibers, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used. In this study we found, The average diameters of pure PVA nanofiber was approximately (181) nm. Nanofibers with a 20% concentration exhibited a smaller diameter of approximately (75.7 nm). At a 30% concentration, the material demonstrated the most stable and enhanced electrical performance, including a high and consistent capacitance (~33 pF), a remarkably low dielectric loss (tan δ = 0.0013), and minimal impedance (<50 kΩ). Additionally, AC conductivity decreased as chitosan content increased from 1×10⁻¹¹ S/m in pure PVA to 4.5×10⁻¹² S/m at 30% concentration indicating reduced charge mobility due to structural entanglement. These findings highlight the crucial role of chitosan in improving the electrical characteristics of PVA-based composites, making them promising candidates for advanced dielectric applications.