METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND COMPARATIVE METHODS. REQUIREMENTS FOR MODERN EDUCATORS. PROFESSIONAL-PEDAGOGICAL CULTURE.

This article provides a scientific perspective on the methods of teaching foreign languages, their comparative analysis, the requirements for modern teachers, and the issues of professional and pedagogical culture. Traditional and modern methods (grammar-translation, direct method, audio- lingual, communicative and task-based teaching) are compared. The need for teacher competencies, cultural sensitivity, reflexive practice and integration of technologies in the digital era is analyzed. Professional and pedagogical culture is interpreted as a set of motivational, cognitive, operational and value-based components. The article emphasizes the need for a synergistic approach to teaching foreign languages, the centrality of the learner and intercultural communication in the context of globalization. emphasizes the importance of developing competence.