Epidermal allergy in children

The article discusses the problems of animal appearance: prevalence in different populations, aspects of geographic and age epidemiology. The most common types of epidermal allergens, their main carriers, possible pathways of epidermal sensitization, risk factors and connections with hereditary predisposition are considered. Attention is focused on the absence of hypoallergenic animal breeds. Cases of the occurrence of allergens in animals in the development of their diseases and their useful variants, basic issues of diagnosis verification and the possibilities of molecular allergy diagnostics are discussed. Attention is paid to the scientific discussion about the immunomodulatory effect of early exposure (prenatally and postnatally) to animal allergens in pet ownership with competitive induction or development of epidermal allergy, or programming of immune tolerance. The authors analyze the effectiveness of traditional methods of preventing epidermal allergies, based on eliminating exposure or avoiding causative triggers, and also consider innovative opportunities for developing tolerance and controlling the content of animal allergens in the environment, which will help solve the problems of long-term prevention and reliably optimize the prognosis.