Accepted species list of Eurotiales, including a DNA sequence reference database, as curated by the International Commission of Penicillium and Aspergillus (ICPA)

If you use this dataset please cite: Visagie CM, Houbraken J, Overy DP, et al. (2025). From chaos to tranquillity: a modern approach to the identification, nomenclature and phylogeny of Aspergillus, Penicillium and other Eurotiales, including an updated accepted species list. Studies in Mycology 112: 117–260. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2025.112.04. Eurotiales is a diverse and speciose order and includes economically important genera like Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces and Talaromyces. Historically, species identifications based on morphology are challenging. The publication of accepted species lists and the availability of representative DNA sequences for type strains have contributed greatly towards accurate species identification and facilitated the description of many new species. However, despite current advancements, a proportion of newly described species within these taxonomically challenging genera represent, in fact, existing species, which raises obvious concerns. This study thus aimed to further modernise the taxonomy of Eurotiales by addressing key challenges in species identification and classification. Our study objectives were threefold: to review species described after 2023, update the accepted species list, and release a curated DNA sequence dataset to facilitate future species identifications. We conclude that a move to a phylogenetic species concept is necessary but continue to support the inclusion of morphological descriptions and, where possible, associated secondary metabolite, exoenzyme, physiology and ecological data when introducing new species. Our list now contains 1393 species classified into four families and 26 genera, with Aspergillus (n=465), Penicillium (n=598) and Talaromyces (n=236) containing the most species. To aid sequence-based identifications and species descriptions under a phylogenetic species concept, we release a curated DNA reference sequence database containing 18837 DNA sequences (3867 ITS, 5277 BenA, 5110 CaM and 4583 RPB2) generated from 5325 strains. Sequences were selected to best cover the infraspecies variation under our current understanding of each species. The sequence database will be kept up to date as new information becomes available. This manuscript presents a major leap towards our goal to facilitate work with Eurotiales, while providing the taxonomic framework to support research excellence related to this important fungal group. This dataset is curated and kept up to date by the International Commission of Penicillium and Aspergillus (ICPA). If you have questions or suggestions, please get in contact with ICPA members.