Contemporary International Relations in the Era of Globalization: Structural Transformations, Sovereignty Challenges, and the Reconfiguration of Global Political and Economic Governance

This study examines the structural transformation of contemporary international relations under the accelerating dynamics of globalization, focusing on the reconfiguration of political authority, economic governance, and the role of the nation-state within an increasingly interconnected global system.Globalization is approached not merely as an economic process, but as a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing political, technological, cultural, and institutional transformations that fundamentally reshape international interactions.The research employs a comprehensive methodological framework grounded in systems analysis, historical and comparative political approaches, and empirical evaluation of global political and economic trends.Particular emphasis is placed on the systemic interdependence among states, international organizations, transnational corporations, and nongovernmental actors, highlighting how traditional state-centric models of international relations are increasingly complemented-and in some cases challenged-by network-based and multi-actor governance structures.The scientific novelty of the study lies in its integrated analysis of how globalization affects state sovereignty, diplomatic practices, and institutional legitimacy in the context of rapid advancements in information and communication technologies.The paper further explores the expanding influence of international economic organizations, global markets, and cultural exchanges, assessing their implications for national autonomy and global political stability.Rather than signaling the decline of the nation-state, globalization is conceptualized as a transformative force that redefines state functions, redistributes authority across multiple levels of governance, and reshapes the normative foundations of international relations.By situating globalization within broader theoretical debates in international relations and political sociology, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of contemporary world politics and offers a critical framework for interpreting ongoing global transformations.