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The present study investigated archers and shooters’ personality traits, mind wandering, and mental alertness. A total of 231 participants, including 57 female archers, 58 male archers, 58 female shooters, and 58 male shooters aged 18 to 40 years, were selected through purposive sampling from Punjab and Delhi. The psychometrically standardised questionnaires were used to collect data, including the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale, General Mental Alertness Test, and Brief HEXACO Inventory. The results revealed that female archers and shooters’ personality traits, mind wandering, and mental alertness were more prevalent. Furthermore, significant differences were observed between male and female archers and shooters regarding personality traits, mind wandering, and mental alertness. Female archers and shooters scored higher than males in Honesty-humility, Emotionality, and mental alertness. In contrast, Extraversion was higher in female and male shooters than male archers and female shooters. Agreeableness was higher in male archers and female shooters compared to female archers and male shooters. At the same time, Conscientiousness was higher in female archers and shooters compared to male archers and shooters. Openness to experience was higher in female archers and shooters than in males. Female archers and shooters also had higher levels of mind wandering than male archers and shooters. the study concludes that female archers and shooters possess distinct personality traits, experience higher levels of mind wandering, and demonstrate increased mental alertness compared to male archers and shooters. These findings emphasize the importance of considering gender differences in archery and shooting sports.