Gingival Hyperplasia as a Rare Presentation of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an uncommon systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration in various organs, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, serological, and histopathological criteria. We hereby report a Chinese woman who presented with persistent gingival hyperplasia. A diagnosis of IgG4-RD was established by serology and gingival biopsy and exclusion of other causes. Her symptoms responded well to treatment with oral prednisolone and azathioprine. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of IgG4-RD as an uncommon cause of gingival hyperplasia and the importance of histopathological confirmation.