The relationship of social media on quality of life and public health: A cross-sectional study on digital divide across generations

<b>Objectives: </b>This study aims to examine the relationship between social media use (SMU), social media needs (SMN), and quality of life and public health (QoLPH) among middle-aged and older adults in Nepal, highlighting generational aspects of the digital divide.<br /> <b>Methods: </b>A cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed to assess generational differences in SMU and perceived quality of life among middle-aged and older adults in an urban Nepali setting. A purposive sample of N = 1,000 individuals was surveyed. Standardized instruments, including the social networking sites uses and needs questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis, were performed using SPSS V. 29.<br /> <b>Results: </b>Among participants, 60% used Facebook and 76.5% used YouTube daily. However, over 60% scored low on diversion, cognitive, affective, personal integrative, and social integrative needs. While 64.4% rated their overall QoLPH as good, 63% were dissatisfied with physical health, and 51% reported poor psychological well-being. Environmental quality was rated fair or poor by 55%. Weak correlations were found between socio-demographic factors and QoLPH or SMU/SMN patterns.<br /> <b>Conclusions: </b>Despite frequent use of popular social platforms, older adults in Nepal report low SMNs and dissatisfaction in key health domains. Addressing physical, psychological, and environmental deficits alongside digital literacy and tailored content may improve QoLPH outcomes. Findings suggest targeted interventions across generations.