Development of an Androgynous Docking Connector for In-Space Assembly and Satellite Servicing

In-Space Assembly, Servicing, and Manufacturing (ISAM) capabilities are poised to significantly reshape how systems operate in outer space. From microgravity manufacturing and modular space stations to upgrading and reprovisioning satellites, the ability to aggregate assets and exchange commodities on orbit unlocks new business models, reframes traditional operational paradigms, and drives the need for innovative technologies. Central to enabling ISAM is a physical mating interface between spacecraft that can reliably provide data and power interfaces in addition to its mechanical connection. Although no universal standard has yet emerged, several candidate systems have been developed based on mission-specific requirements and design philosophies. This paper introduces FuseBlox™, an in-space connector system developed by SpaceWorks Enterprises, Inc. The objective is to provide a high-level overview of the system, highlighting key design parameters, engineering decisions, and lessons learned -- both to inform ongoing interface development efforts and to signal its readiness for broader adoption within the aerospace community. Originally developed to connect persistent space platforms built from small satellites, FuseBlox is currently optimized for a 2U form factor with a mass of approximately 3 kg. The system is androgynous and modular, allowing for flexible mission architectures and scalable implementations to accommodate larger payloads. The paper reviews the development history of FuseBlox, including the motivating use cases, mechanism downselect process, and results of qualification testing. Technical specifications of the current, flight-ready variant are presented, covering docking performance, power and data transfer capabilities, and mechanical interface requirements. Additionally, ongoing development efforts focused on enabling storable and cryogenic fluid transfer are discussed. The paper concludes with an overview of potential applications and mission architectures that would benefit from widespread adoption of the FuseBlox system. These use cases underscore the system’s potential to enhance modular assembly, in-space servicing, and orbital logistics.