Expanding the healthcare potential of community pharmacies: collaborative dispensing of hospital medications and participation in vaccination campaigns

The network of Spanish community pharmacies is one of the most accessible healthcare resources and the most highly valued by the population, thanks to its wide geographical distribution, extended opening hours, and professional proximity. Its role was particularly important during the COVID-19 pandemic, when it ensured continuity of care and support for vulnerable patients in areas with limited access to other healthcare services. This article analyzes two areas with a long history in the development of community pharmacies for strengthening the healthcare system: the dispensing of Hospital Diagnosis and Hospital Dispensing (DHDH) medications and involvement in population vaccination programs. The collaborative dispensing experiences developed in different autonomous communities highlight the numerous advantages of coordination between hospital and community pharmacies, having been proven to improve patient access to medicines, reduce travel and associated costs, promote adherence, and provide socioeconomic and environmental benefits. National initiatives that endorse the contribution of pharmacies to vaccination campaigns through health education activities, active recruitment, and logistical support are also reviewed, as well as, in some neighboring countries, the direct administration of vaccines by pharmacists. Evidence indicates that the participation of pharmacists increases vaccination coverage, especially in the adult population, and reduces barriers to access. Taken together, these initiatives demonstrate the healthcare potential of community pharmacies as key players in local healthcare and in improving health outcomes.