Scenario-Based Modeling of Electricity Demand for Cooking in Ethiopia's Residential Sector Using the OSeMOSYS Model

This study presents a scenario-based energy system analysis of Ethiopia’s residential cooking sector using the OSeMOSYS (Open Source Energy Modeling System) framework. The model explores long-term pathways for transitioning from traditional biomass dependence toward cleaner cooking solutions, including electricity and LPG, supported by renewable energy expansion. Two scenarios were developed: a Business-As-Usual (BAU) pathway and a Clean Cooking Access pathway. Results show that without intervention, biomass remains dominant, increasing environmental and health burdens. In contrast, the clean cooking scenario significantly reduces biomass consumption, lowers emissions, and shifts energy production toward hydropower, wind, and solar technologies. Although this transition requires higher upfront investments, it leads to long-term economic, environmental, and public health benefits. The findings highlight the importance of integrated policies that combine electrification, renewable energy development, and clean cooking adoption to achieve sustainable residential energy transformation in Ethiopia.