Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in Metal-Ceramic and All-Ceramic Fixed Partial Dentures: A Prospective Clinical Study

Introduction The evaluation of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) has traditionally focused on clinician-centered outcomes, such as survival and technical performance. However, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide valuable insights into patients' perceptions of comfort, function, esthetics, and overall oral health-related quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate and compare patient-reported outcomes in individuals rehabilitated with metal-ceramic and all-ceramic FPDs over a one-year follow-up period. Materials and methods This prospective observational clinical study included adult patients who required posterior FPDs. Participants received either metal-ceramic or all-ceramic restorations based on routine clinical decision-making. PROMs were assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and visual analog scales (VAS) for satisfaction assessment. Evaluations were performed at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Clinical parameters, such as chipping, fractures, and secondary caries, were also recorded. Data were analyzed using appropriate non-parametric statistical tests, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results Both restorative groups demonstrated significant improvements in oral health-related QoL and patient satisfaction following treatment. Baseline PROMs score were comparable between the groups. At the 6- and 12-month follow-ups, all-ceramic restorations showed significantly better patient-reported outcomes than metal-ceramic restorations. Intragroup analysis revealed sustained improvement over time in the all-ceramic group, whereas a partial decline in quality of life scores was observed in the metal-ceramic group at later follow-ups. Chipping was more frequently observed in the all-ceramic group, whereas the fracture rates were comparable. Conclusion Both metal-ceramic and all-ceramic FPDs effectively enhanced PROMs; however, all-ceramic restorations provided superior and more stable long-term patient satisfaction and quality of life. Incorporating PROMs into routine clinical evaluations can support patient-centered treatment planning and material selection.