Pixel density and viewing-zone angle enhancement of integral 3D display using 2D image time-division multiplexing and eye-tracking technologies

This paper proposes an integral three-dimensional (3D) display that combines time-division multiplexing (TDM) and eye-tracking (ET) technologies to enhance the maximum pixel density and viewing-zone angle of 3D images. TDM synthesizes integral 3D and two-dimensional (2D) images using a lens array that can switch between lens-array and transparent modes, while ET expands the viewing-zone angle without degrading the maximum pixel density. Additionally, a method for generating elemental image arrays and 2D images optimized for ET was developed. The prototype display apparatus produced 3D images with a maximum pixel density of 510 pixels per inch and viewing-zone angles of 86.5° horizontally and 54.5° vertically.