EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND TREATMENT WITH ATOMOXETINE AND METHYLPHENIDATE ON THE CONTROL OF HYPERACTIVITY IN PEOPLE WITH ADHD

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes significant functional and social impairments. Effective management requires strategies that combine pharmacology and adjuvant interventions. Objective: To evaluate the effects of physical exercise, methylphenidate, and atomoxetine on hyperactivity control in ADHD. Method: An integrative review using descriptors related to pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in ADHD. Based on a selection of recent and clinically relevant studies, the review highlights contributions to understanding the isolated and combined effects of physical exercise and pharmacotherapy in managing hyperactivity in people with ADHD. Results: Methylphenidate showed reductions of 30% to 50% in hyperactivity scores with a rapid response within 1 to 2 weeks. Atomoxetine demonstrated gradual improvement of 20% to 35%, consolidated after 4 to 8 weeks. Isolated physical exercise reduced symptoms by 10% to 35%, with greater efficacy in combined modalities (aerobic and resistance) and "open skill" activities. Multimodal interventions resulted in superior clinical outcomes and greater therapeutic sustainability. Discussion: While methylphenidate offers a greater magnitude of immediate response, atomoxetine serves as a safe alternative for specific comorbidities. Physical exercise acts as a biological modulator, stimulating catecholamines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which favors self-regulation and executive functions. Conclusion: ADHD management must be multimodal. Pharmacotherapy ensures robust symptomatic control, while physical exercise potentiates cognitive gains and neuroplasticity, being essential for patient autonomy and quality of life.