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Sustainable land management is crucial for mitigating land degradation, restoring degraded areas, and ensuring the optimal use of land resources for the benefit of both present and future generations. There is a growing interest and recognition of the importance of local technical knowledge in the planning, use, and sustainable management of land resources. This study assessed indigenous knowledge of soil suitability and compared it with technical soil evaluation approaches in four villages within the Ejisu–Juabeng District of the Ashanti Region, Ghana. Two contrasting but complementary soil mapping approaches were employed: a geopedologic approach following Zinck (1988), representing expert-driven soil classification, and a farmer-based approach that relied on local spatial knowledge, experience, and land-use history. Farmers first developed soil maps based on their understanding of landscape features and soil behaviour, and subsequently evaluated the suitability of mapped soils for economically important tree crops—cocoa, oil palm, and citrus. In parallel, expert-based soil suitability evaluation was conducted using the Automated Land Evaluation System (ALES), which applies the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) land evaluation framework by matching land characteristics and qualities with specific crop requirements. The resulting farmer-derived and expert-derived suitability maps were integrated and analysed within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment to assess spatial correlation and agreement between the two knowledge systems. Farmers’ suitability assessments indicated that 81% of the study area was suitable for cocoa, while citrus and oil palm accounted for 71% and 26%, respectively. In contrast, expert-based evaluations classified 66% of the area as suitable for cocoa, with citrus and oil palm suitability covering 41% and 39%, respectively. Comparative map analysis revealed overall accuracies of 67% for cocoa, 43% for citrus, and 14% for oil palm, reflecting varying degrees of concordance between local and technical assessments. The spatial correlation analysis highlights both convergences and divergences in soil classification between indigenous and expert systems, with topsoil characteristics emerging as a critical factor influencing farmer decision-making. The findings underscore the importance of integrating local soil knowledge with scientific land evaluation tools to enhance sustainable land management and informed agricultural planning in smallholder farming systems.