Formaldehyde detection and quality evaluation of Tambaqui ( <i>Colossoma macropomum</i> ) to ensure food safety in the Coastal Region of Kalianda

Food safety is a critical component of the national food system, particularly for fishery commodities that are highly perishable and require proper post-harvest handling. In coastal regions such as Kalianda, South Lampung, limited cold chain infrastructure and inadequate post-harvest handling systems can contribute to a decline in fish quality and the potential for substandard practices, including the use of non-recommended additives. This study aimed to analyze the freshness and formaldehyde content of tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum ) in the fish supply chain in Kalianda. Sampling was conducted from April to June 2025 at the Fish Auction Site (TPI) at Dermaga Bom and traditional markets in the region. The parameters analyzed included organoleptic attributes, pH, Total Volatile Base (TVB), Trimethylamine (TMA), natural formaldehyde (FA), and dimethylamine (DMA). The results indicated that fish obtained from collectors exhibited better quality (average organoleptic score of 7.2) compared to market samples (average score of 5.9). TVB levels in market samples reached 14.12 mg N/100g, higher than the 8.82 mg N/100g found in collector samples; TMA, FA, and DMA values were also higher in market-sourced fish. These findings indicate quality degradation and potential contamination during distribution in traditional markets. Therefore, strengthening the cold supply chain, providing education to stakeholders, and enforcing strict monitoring of hazardous additive usage are essential to ensure the quality and safety of fishery products.