Watchtowers on the coast of the kingdom of Granada (Spain). Graphic documentation as a starting point for their protection and conservation. Case studies: Melicena tower

The Mediterranean coastline features a nearly continuous series of towers, strategically constructed on elevated vantage points to command extensive views over the sea. These structures, which vary in shape and typology, were placed at calculated distances to allow visual communication between them. Known as watchtowers or signal towers, they were built between the 15th and 18th centuries with the main objective of detecting the approach of hostile ships coming from North Africa. This article presents a methodology applied for the graphic documentation, analysis and determination of the criteria for intervention in the protection and conservation of the built heritage. One of the main risks presented by interventions on fortified heritage is the lack of comprehensive knowledge of it. Therefore, the aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the Torre Melicena watchtower, situated along the Granada coastline, in order to enhance the understanding of its historical development and to formulate appropriate intervention strategies for its preservation and long-term maintenance.