SmartBox: An IoT-Enabled Locker System for Secure and Efficient Package Handling

Cambodia’s e-commerce is growing rapidly, but last-mile delivery remains inefficient. Issues such as missed deliveries, limited courier availability, poor coordination, and lack of real-time updates continue to affect customer satisfaction and reduce trust in online shopping. Despite increasing digital adoption, the country’s logistics infrastructure still faces challenges in meeting delivery demands. This paper presents SmartBox, an IoT‑enabled locker that improves last‑mile delivery by adding flexibility, reliability, and control. Instead of relying on traditional door-to-door delivery, SmartBox enables customers to receive packages at designated lockers. The system features real-time pickup notifications and PIN-based access to ensure security and convenience. SmartBox was developed using Telegram and the python-telegram-bot library for user interaction, Laravel and MySQL for backend development, and tools such as AWS, Cloudflare, ApexCharts.js, GitHub, and Gmail SMTP for deployment and communication. Locker control is managed by an ESP32 microcontroller, integrated via the MQTT protocol for remote activation. Testing showed all twelve features worked reliably across browsers and mobile devices. A UTAUT survey of 14 users showed high performance and behavioral‑intention scores. The system is scalable, cost-effective, and suitable for deployment in universities, offices, and residential areas.