Numerical Simulation of Magnetic Field Generated by DC Arc

DC arcs exhibit distinct physics due to the highly accelerated plasma released from corroded wires, worn contacts, and similar defects. To ensure the safety and reliability of DC power systems, a comprehensive understanding of DC arc behavior and its underlying mechanism is required. This study focuses on the magnetic flux density generated by DC arcs, as it provides critical insights into the arc’s dynamic behavior, energy transfer processes, and the coupling between magnetic and thermal phenomena. The numerical analysis reveals that the resultant magnetic flux density generated by the arc varies with the applied voltage levels. Additionally, the time-dependent magnetic flux density changes with different measurement positions in the geometry and propagates into the surrounding air domain. The results indicate that the resultant magnetic flux density attains its maximum value near the cathode tip, where the plasma concentration and current density are highest. The flux density and the arc temperature vary with the terminal voltage, demonstrating the electrical, thermal, and magnetic interdependencies within the plasma. This observation highlights the necessity of study magnetic field in DC arc modeling to achieve a more accurate analysis.