Cognitive Engine One: A Cross-Layer Framework for Autonomy in Space Communications

Spacecraft information needs, along with the communications environments in which data transfers occur, are becoming increasingly dynamic. Earth orbit is served by dozens of ground station and relay satellite providers—each with unique protocols and service capabilities. In this context, we present a system to automate end-to-end space communications across the protocol stack for each of several providers. The proposed system schedules contacts with providers, configures point-to-point RF links, and ensures that data is transferred to its destination. Data monitoring and rescheduling provide an automated failover capability in the event of unsuccessful contacts. We verify system performance in a high-fidelity emulation testbed. Results from simulated mission use cases demonstrate that the system reduces data latency, prevents exhaustion of onboard storage, and prioritizes transfer of urgent observations. **