Hogweed microbiome as a reservoir of bacteria with biotechnological potential (review)

This review analyzes and summarizes Russian and foreign experience in the study of microorganisms associated with H. sosnowskyi. Interest in microorganisms is related to their ability to exhibit high enzymatic activity and synthesize a wide range of biologically active compounds such as phytohormones, antibiotics, and biocatalyst enzymes. In this context, Sosnovsky’s hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden) is a highly invasive species of advent, demonstrating exceptional ecological plasticity and the ability to spread expansively over vast territories. The phenomenal stress resistance of this plant, which allows it to successfully colonize disturbed, polluted and marginal lands, while occupying a dominant position in the emerging phytocenoses, suggests that the rhizospheric and endophytic microbial community associated with it may have unique adaptive and functional properties. However, today the main vector of attention to H. sosnowskyi is related to its negative impact on human health (burns, dermatitis), and phytocenoses (reduced biodiversity). There are very few studies where the microbiome of this species was in the spectrum of attention. As part of the review, a conclusion was made about the prospects of using and the need for additional studies of the H. sosnowskyi microbiome, which is a promising resource for isolating unique strains of bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms, which have increased enzymatic activity and the ability to synthesize biologically active substances, can be used to create new highly effective and environmentally friendly biological products to increase crop yields and sustainability.