Development Challenges and Optimization Paths of Higher Vocational Education in Chongqing under the Perspective of Industry-Education Integration: A Multidimensional Analysis of Policy, Practice, and Resources

HRMARS - Industry-education integration serves as a pivotal mechanism for advancing the high-quality development of higher vocational education and supporting regional industrial upgrading. This study examines Chongqing's higher vocational institutions using a mixed-methods approach combining policy text analysis, case studies, and literature review to systematically explore the current implementation status, core challenges, and optimization pathways of their industry-education integration efforts. Findings reveal significant challenges across three dimensions: policy transmission, mechanism development, and operational effectiveness. Specific manifestations include a lack of detailed policy implementation rules, industry-academia agreements that are substantively weak despite numerous formal agreements, a disconnect between teaching resources and industrial needs, an insufficient proportion of dual-qualified faculty, and difficulties in resource integration due to multi-stakeholder management. To address these issues, this paper proposes systematic countermeasures, including establishing a multi-tiered policy support system, innovating school-enterprise collaborative education mechanisms, deepening curriculum and teaching reforms, building a high-caliber, dual-qualified faculty, and establishing robust quality assurance and continuous improvement mechanisms. The study further suggests that Chongqing's future industry-education integration should evolve toward digitalization, collaboration, and institutionalization, thereby fostering an ecosystem that involves multiple stakeholders to provide high-quality technical and skilled talent for regional economic development.