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Background: The recently segregated genus Senega (DC.) Spach (Polygalaceae), formerly known as the “Polygala New World clade,” currently comprises 238 species. In the course of revising North American species, three overlooked names previously assigned to Polygala were identified as requiring transfer to Senega. Studied species: Senega arenicola, S. pterocarya, and S. turgida. Study site: Mexico. Methods: Examination of MEXU herbarium specimens and critical analysis of diagnostic morphological characters. Results: These new combinations are presented here with updated descriptions, taxonomic notes, photographic plates, and distribution maps. Notably, S. pterocarya displays a rare case of single-fruit diplochory: one locule is indehiscent and anemochorous, while the other is dehiscent and myrmecochorous, representing a unique dispersal strategy in Polygalaceae. Senega turgida, is recognized here as distinct from S. aparinoides based on differences in seed and floral morphology, as well as its fleshy leaves. Conclusions: This study contributes to the taxonomic clarification of Senega by transferring three overlooked species from Polygala and providing updated morphological, ecological, and distributional data. It also reveals remarkable evolutionary traits, such as the case of diplochory in S. pterocarya and the distinct morphological features separating S. turgida from its close relatives.