India’s Fight Against Global Terrorism Challenges & Strategies

This paper critically examines India's evolving approach to countering global terrorism in the contemporary geopolitical context. It explores the multifaceted challenges faced by India, both from cross-border terrorism and emerging forms of radicalisation facilitated through digital platforms, including social media and the dark web. While terrorism is not a new phenomenon, its global networks have become more sophisticated in the age of globalisation. The rise of ideologically motivated religious extremism has further complicated national and international security frameworks. The paper analyses how India’s counter-terrorism diplomacy has adapted, particularly under the current government, which has significantly altered the strategic narrative and strengthened national security mechanisms. As a liberal democracy, India faces the complex task of combating terrorism while upholding democratic values, constitutional rights, and civil liberties. The study highlights how terrorist organisations exploit open societies, manipulate media narratives, and target diverse audiences for recruitment and propaganda. Additionally, the paper investigates how shifting political dynamics in India's neighbourhood have exacerbated security threats in border regions and hinterlands alike. Special emphasis is placed on India’s role in shaping global counter-terrorism norms, particularly through its engagement at the United Nations and other multilateral forums. The paper argues that India’s experience offers valuable insights for strengthening international cooperation and building a more effective global counter-terrorism architecture.