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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is part of the group of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), which disproportionately affect vulnerable populations exposed to precarious sanitary conditions, limited access to healthcare services, and inadequate infrastructure. In Brazil, CL incidence remains high, particularly in the Amazon region, where environmental factors—such as deforestation, unplanned migration, and the occupation of forested areas—favor increased contact among humans, vectors, and sylvatic reservoirs. In the Amazon region, the high diversity of sand flies is favored by humid and relatively stable environmental conditions that provide suitable habitats for their maintenance. However, studies on the bioecology and distribution of these species remain scarce, especially in remote areas subject to intense environmental changes, highlighting an important gap in the understanding of ecological factors associated with leishmaniasis transmission. This dataset provides records of sand fly (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) collections, species identification, and sampling localities from the municipality of Sena Madureira, Acre State, an Amazonian area endemic for CL. Entomological collections were conducted in four rural localities of the municipality, all with a documented history of CL transmission: a) Cazumbá-Iracema (CI) (09º08'30.8''S; 068º55'40.4''W; August 2022), a Federal Conservation Unit located along the Caeté River, characterized by extensive tracts of primary forest, deforested areas used for subsistence agriculture, and dwellings situated adjacent to fragments of primary and secondary forest;b) Novo Amparo (NA) (9°04'16.0"S; 68°27'02.0"W; March 2023), a Settlement Project established by INCRA on the banks of the Purus River, comprising extensive areas of secondary forest and floodplain forest fragments, as well as deforested zones used for agriculture and cattle ranching, with dwellings located near riparian forest remnants;c) Joaquim José de Matos (JJM) (9°23'35.6"S; 68°35'37.8"W; July 2023), a Settlement Project created by INCRA and situated along the BR-364 federal highway (km 104), featuring markedly undulating relief, extensive deforestation for livestock production, and remaining fragments of primary and secondary forest in close proximity to human dwellings; and d) São José (SJ) (09º22’28.6”S; 068º43’29.0”W; November 2023), a Settlement Project established by INCRA on the banks of the Yaco River, where most of the natural vegetation has been cleared for cattle ranching, with remnants of floodplain primary forest and human dwellings adjacent to these forest fragments (Figure 1). Collections were carried out over two consecutive nights using CDC light traps (18:00–07:00) and a Shannon trap (18:00–20:00). On the first night, two households with confirmed human ATL cases and suspected canine CL received six CDC light traps (three per household), installed in the intradomicile, peridomicile (near domestic animal shelters), and forest edge ecotypes, where a Shannon trap was also deployed. On the second night, five CDC traps and one Shannon trap were installed along human trails in primary forest fragments. Morphological identification of all specimens was performed based on taxonomic keys and procedures proposed by Galati (2024). A total of 560 sand flies belonging to 12 genera and 35 species were collected, with predominance of the genera Psychodopygus (56.6%), Trichophoromyia (14.3%), and Nyssomyia (12.0%). Species richness by sampling locality and collection period is presented in Table 1. The records provided in this dataset expand the current knowledge of sand fly fauna in an Amazonian endemic area and may support future research aimed at studying and characterizing the local fauna through ecological and environmental analyses. Additionally, the photographic records depict the reality of traditional Amazonian communities, providing complementary visual support for future investigations.