Environmental absorption by carbon derived from Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss: Characterization and performance during methylene blue removal

We have prepared a low-cost bamboo charcoal from Bambusa bambos and investigated it as an adsorbent of methylene blue (MB). The bamboo charcoal was analyzed using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis and FE-SEM techniques. The conversion of lignin-cellulose to a carbonaceous structure, indicating that the bamboo charcoal has an amorphous structure, was confirmed by XRD analysis. The amorphous carbon bamboo charcoal was verified by C═C stretching bond vibration at wave number of 1566 cm -1 . The charcoal exhibited absorbance in the UV region with an energy gap of 3.54 eV. A honeycomb-like structure with 94.94 atomic percentage (at.%) of C element was confirmed by FE-SEM EDS analysis. We also investigated the effect of temperature and the adsorbent concentration. An adsorption study at optimal condition confirmed that adsorption by bamboo charcoal followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity of 18.8 mg/g. Our study illustrates that bamboo charcoal derived from Bambusa bambos could be a low-cost alternative for MB dye removal, contributing to long-term environmental sustainability. • The bamboo charcoal prepared from Bambusa bambos was found to be a good adsorbent for removing methylene blue (MB) dye. • Characterization via XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and FE-SEM revealed that the bamboo charcoal has an amorphous carbon structure, a honeycomb-like porous morphology, and a high carbon content of 94.94 at%. • The study confirmed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, indicating the formation of a monolayer of MB dye molecules on the homogeneous surface of the charcoal. • The maximum adsorption capacity of bamboo charcoal for MB dye was determined to be 18.8 mg/g.