A fizikai aktivitás terápiás szerepe a krónikus fájdalom és az alvásminőség összefüggésében mozgásszervi betegségekben

Musculoskeletal diseases represent a major public health problem worldwide, as they are associated with pain, reduced musculoskeletal function, and diminished quality of life. They affect more than 1.7 billion people globally, and their prevalence continues to rise due to ageing, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and psychosocial factors. Chronic pain is the most common complaint, which may appear as an independent condition or as a consequence of other diseases such as osteoarthritis, spondylosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. Pain and sleep disturbances are closely and mutually related: inadequate sleep increases pain sensitivity, reduces the efficiency of pain processing, and contributes to the persistence of chronic pain. The aim of this review study is to examine the relationship between pain, the most common symptom of degenerative joint and spinal diseases and sleep quality. Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in certain musculoskeletal diseases and predict a subsequent decline in functional status. Therapeutic options include balneotherapy and complex physiotherapy, both of which have been shown to reduce pain and improve musculoskeletal function. Several studies have reported long-term benefits of balneotherapy, mud therapy, and aquatic physiotherapy. In addition, regular moderate-intensity physical activity plays a key role in reducing pain and improving functional status and sleep quality. Monitoring physical activity using questionnaire-based methods and objective wearable devices enables a more accurate assessment, safe planning, and continuous tracking of physical activity levels. Overall, a multimodal, individualized therapeutic approach is the most effective in the management of musculoskeletal diseases, targeting the simultaneous improvement of pain, sleep, and lifestyle-related factors. Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(8): 300-308.