Environmental and Social Impacts of Granite Stone Extraction in Cambodia: A Case Study of Fu Jian Dong He Company

Granite stone extraction has expanded rapidly in Cambodia due to increasing demand for construction materials and export markets, contributing to employment and local economic development. However, quarrying activities also generate significant environmental and social challenges that threaten long-term sustainability. This study examines the environmental and social impacts of granite extraction in Kratie Province through a case study of Fu Jian Dong He (Cambodia) Co., Ltd., using an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) framework. Field monitoring and stakeholder consultations reveal that quarry operations have caused vegetation loss, soil erosion, increased sedimentation in nearby waterways, localized peaks in dust emissions, and noise disturbances affecting surrounding communities. Water quality assessments indicate elevated levels of suspended solids, oil, grease, and nutrients, highlighting incomplete wastewater control. Socially, while the project provides wage employment and secondary livelihood opportunities, residents report concerns about respiratory health risks, traffic hazards, and limited community participation in decision-making. The findings underscore a gap between mitigation measures proposed in ESIA documents and their effectiveness in practice, largely due to weak enforcement, insufficient monitoring, and inadequate stakeholder engagement. Strengthening regulatory oversight, corporate accountability, and community-based monitoring is essential to balance economic benefits with environmental protection and social well-being in Cambodia’s extractive sector.