Negative influence of age and low baseline CD4 on T helper cell recovery among HIV-infected individuals with fixed-dose combination of tenofovir disoproxil, lamivudine and dolutegravir

The study highlights that, despite viral suppression with TLD, a substantial proportion of patients fail to achieve adequate immune restoration. Lower baseline CD4 was observed to be a key predictor of DIR. These findings underscore the need for early ART initiation, targeted adherence support, and counselling to optimize outcomes and progress toward the UNAIDS 95 target.