Efficacy of low-concentration nitrous oxide gas anesthesia in routine cataract microsurgeries

• This study provides objective evidence, using bispectral index (BIS) monitoring, that LCNO induces mild sedation during routine cataract microsurgery. • LCNO significantly reduced the BIS values during surgery without causing clinically relevant changes in the vital signs or adverse events, supporting its safety and practicality for outpatient cataract surgery.