Who Is the “Ideal” Peer Support Trainer? Peer Trainers’ Perceptions of Gender Dynamics in Resiliency Training for Firefighters and Correctional Officers

Firefighters and correctional workers are highly exposed to potentially traumatic events, but research shows that resiliency training may help support their mental health. Both occupations remain men-dominated and highly masculinized, creating challenges for women public safety personnel (PSP) and reinforcing stigma about mental health as a feminized topic. This exploratory qualitative study examines the gender dynamics of peer resiliency training for firefighters and correctional officers in Canada. Based on interviews with 10 trainers from three provinces, we developed three key themes. First, mental health is constructed as a “feminine” topic, which may create access barriers for men, but also for women who wish to avoid marginalization. Second, gendered beliefs shape perceptions of trainers’ credibility and skills. Men trainers are respected for performing masculinity, while respect for women trainers stems from stereotypes about their maternal “nature”. Such beliefs may increase respect for mental health topics while further entrenching gendered stereotypes. Third, a gender stereotyping paradox exists regarding the roles of women in these occupations. That is, mental health training may provide a leadership pathway for women PSP while simultaneously “pigeonholing” them into emotional-labour roles. We conclude that peer resiliency training is best positioned as the responsibility of both men and women.