A Reappraisal of Poly-l-Lactic Acid in Facial and Body Aesthetic Indications

Poly-l-Lactic acid (PLLA) is a synthetic, absorbable injectable implant widely used in both facial and body cosmetic applications. Originally approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating facial lipoatrophy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients, PLLA is now also indicated for correcting facial wrinkles, and its use has been more recently evaluated to enhance body areas such as the cheeks, hands, neck, thighs, and gluteal region. This narrative review specifically examines PLLA’s versatility in rejuvenating not only the face but also a variety of body regions, reflecting its growing popularity as a minimally invasive, natural-looking solution for diverse patient groups including men and millennials. PLLA works by restoring lost volume and gradually stimulating collagen production, which improves skin quality and contour over time. The product’s effectiveness and safety are supported by clinical research, with most patients reporting satisfaction. Although differences in PLLA formulations may influence outcomes, direct comparative studies are still lacking. This article provides an updated overview of PLLA’s physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, and clinical uses for both face and body, aiming to encourage its broader integration into cosmetic practice.