Unpacking Gentrification Attributes in Diverse Geographies: A Systematic Literature Review from Indonesia

Gentrification is identified as a transformative process, which involves major social and spatial transformations that take place either rapidly or gradually in various geographical contexts. Whereas many studies have elaborated on gentrification on a global basis, only a few have systematically analyzed its attributes with regard to specific geographic contexts. Consequently, this study aims to analyze the attributes of gentrification within urban, rural and transitional areas in Indonesia through a systematic literature review (SLR). A total of 93 articles were selected from Scopus and Google Scholar based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The attributes of gentrification were categorized into driving forces, key actors, processes, scales and consequences. The results show that gentrification is not a homogeneous process, as its characteristics vary across spatial contexts and are further influenced by local conditions, actor configurations, and governance mechanisms. It was also connected to other spatial transformation processes, such as studentification, touristification, and central city revitalization through urban renewal and rejuvenation. These insights emphasize the need for context sensitivity to understand the broad process of gentrification. Furthermore, adopting a location-based method in spatial planning and development policy is crucial for reducing vulnerability and avoiding the homogenization of gentrification in policy frameworks.