The Current Landscape and Future Prospects of Vaccine Manufacturing in Africa: Challenges, Innovations, and Opportunities: A Narrative Review

Africa's vaccine manufacturing capacity is at an important phase, requiring coordinated efforts to overcome long-standing barriers. Investment in local vaccine facilities, skilled personnel development, and strong regulatory framework are essential. Strengthening international partnerships while fostering local innovations will lead to self-reliance. Emphasis on One Health approaches can enhance disease surveillance and control. Adequate funding and political will are indispensable for sustained progress.