30.5 A 16nm 72kb 120.5TFLOPS/W Versatile-Format Dual-Representation Gain-Cell CIM Macro for General Purpose AI Tasks

Diverse AI workloads require flexible data representations and numerical formats. In this work, we present a reconfigurable 2's-complement and sign-magnitude scheme integrated within a versatile-format CIM macro supporting MX, LNS, FP, and INT for MAC operations. Implemented in a 16 nm 72 kb gain-cell array, the macro achieves record energy efficiency (120.5TFLOPS/W) and throughput density <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(3.18 \text{TOPS} / \text{mm} 2)$</tex> in MXINT8 mode.