Stereotactic rodent-to-human approximation of the mesencephalic cuneiform nucleus to guide deep brain stimulation

This study provides heuristic coordinates to target the cuneiform nucleus for deep brain stimulation. Given that localization of the human cuneiform nucleus was only indirect and that cross-species translation of coordinates is inherently approximate, the proposed coordinates and landmarks should be regarded as guidance. They do not replace consideration of individual anatomical differences and are expected to be refined as clinical experience grows.