Advanced laser-based techniques for corrosion resistance and sensitization assessment in metals

Laser-based technologies revolutionize corrosion resistance and sensitization assessment for metals in marine settings, like stainless steels and 5xxx aluminum alloys. A nanosecond laser surface processing method boosted 304 stainless steel’s pitting corrosion resistance, raising the pitting potential from 503 mV to ~887 mV via gradient microstructures with ultrafine grains and dislocations. For 5xxx aluminum alloys, prone to sensitization and corrosion cracking, a portable laser surface desensitization system for ship repairs reduced the degree of sensitization in 5456 Al from 46.8 mg/cm² to 1.7 mg/cm², enhancing resistance without affecting strength. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with AI assesses sensitization in 5xxx Al alloys by analyzing Mg variations, enabling precise classification and prediction of corrosion risks for improved material durability.