Early Warning Systems and Real-Time Decision Support

The chapter analyzes how Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing can help fortify the early warning system (EWS) and prompt response decision support to international disaster readiness. It gives a review on the technological fundamentals, e.g., remote sensing platforms, GIS-based hazard modeling, and/or AI-enhanced geospatial analytics. Its use in applications involving floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, wildfires, and cyclones indicates how real-time information can be used to reduce risks proactively, direct evacuation, and design resilient infrastructure. Successes, challenges, and limitations in multi-hazard EWS are clear evidence of case studies at a global and regional level. The concluding chapter provides recommendations and future directions that are inclusive, reliable, and adaptive of systems and focuses on technology, policy, and community outlook on building resilient societies.