Employment status and associated factors in working-age maintenance hemodialysis patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Approximately, one-third of working-age MHD patients in Beijing remain employed, with flexible work forms (self-employment/freelancing) being common. Female gender, older age, and higher household income are significant negative correlates of employment, whereas higher BMI is positively associated with employment. These findings highlight the importance of nutritional status and suggest the need for targeted vocational rehabilitation strategies to improve workforce participation and social reintegration in this population.