Large-area glass welding and dissimilar bonding using femtosecond lasers

In this work, femtosecond laser welding is presented as a direct method for joining transparent materials, either to themselves or to dissimilar substrates, without adhesives or surface treatments. Overlap welding of fused silica was achieved over diameters up to 45 mm. In addition, the GHz-burst mode was tested for welding glass to metals like copper and stainless steel, showing promising results with strong, defect-free joints. The process minimizes thermal effects and interfacial stress. This technique offers strong potential for optics, photonics, and microsystems.