Expression of miR-335 and the genes FASN and SIRT 4 in the visceral adipose tissue the consumption of high-calorie food in experiment

The consumption of high-calorie foods is one of the factors leading to the formation of obesity and related complications. This is based on epigenetic mechanisms, including the regulation of gene expression by microRNAs. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of high fat diet on the expression of miR-335, as well as the genes FASN and SIRT 4 and the proteins they encode in the visceral adipose tissue of Wistar rats. For 8 weeks, in addition to the standard diet of the vivarium, the rats received animal fats (45 % of daily caloric intake). The relative expression of miR-335 and its target genes FASN and SIRT 4 was determined using real-time PCR, and the protein levels of FASN and SIRT 4 in visceral adipose tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It was established that against the background of high-fat diet there is an increase in miR-335 expression and a decrease in activity of lipogenic genes FASN and SIRT 4 in visceral fat tissue of rats, which is accompanied by an increase in blood glucose, development of insulin resistance, and disruption of lipid metabolism. The obtained results indicate the important role of miR-335 in regulating metabolic processes in adipose tissue and the prospect of its use as a therapeutic target for the prevention of complications associated with obesity.