Plasma Proteomic Dynamics Preceding Glaucoma Reveal a 15-Year Pre-Diagnostic Window: Causal Insights and Predictive Utility in 45,850 Participants

This study reveals a 15-year window of detectable plasma proteomic dysregulation preceding glaucoma diagnosis. The identified causal proteins, particularly LTBP2, provide mechanistic insights and represent potential therapeutic targets. The strong predictive performance demonstrates the translational potential of these findings for risk-stratified screening.