The role of occupational therapists in stroke units: an observational survey on early intervention and training needs

Abstract Introduction: within stroke units, the occupational therapist plays a key role in the early recovery of independence and the prevention of secondary complications, promoting timely intervention that optimizes rehabilitation outcomes and enhances the patient’s quality of life. Objectives: this study examines the presence, self-perception, and validity of the occupational therapist’s role within the context of stroke units. Methods: a questionnaire was administered to Italian occupational therapists, consisting of multiple-choice, closed, and open-ended questions. A filter question allowed for the division of the questionnaire into two distinct sections: one specifically addressed to occupational therapists working in Stroke Units, and the other intended for professionals operating in different settings. Data collection was carried out through a digital platform. Results: the survey included one hundred eighteen occupational therapists, predominantly female (83.6%), with a mean age of 32 years. Most respondents had never worked in a stroke unit (66.4%) but had experience in post-stroke rehabilitation. A significant portion (over 80%) believed that occupational therapists are not adequately involved in the rehabilitation process in stroke units. Qualitative analysis revealed that therapists felt their early intervention could prevent secondary complications and improve patient autonomy. However, 65% indicated that their basic training was insufficient for working in stroke units, highlighting the need for specialized courses. Conclusion: occupational therapists recognize the potential benefits of their early involvement in stroke units, particularly in preventing complications and enhancing patient autonomy. However, there is a clear need for additional specialized training to ensure effective integration into stroke unit teams.