Smart City: An IoT and AI-Driven Integrated Urban Infrastructure Management System

Rapid urbanization has increased the need for intelligent systems capable of efficiently managing urban infrastructure. Conventional urban management systems are largely manual and reactive in nature. To address these challenges, this paper presents the design and implementation of an integrated IoT-based smart city management system that enables real-time monitoring, analysis, and control of key urban services through a centralized platform. The proposed system incorporates smart waste management with continuous bin fill-level monitoring, threshold-based alerts, and route optimization. It also incorporates adaptive traffic signal control based on vehicle density, realtime parking availability tracking, and continuous air quality monitoring with short-term forecasting capabilities. In addition, a smart public sanitation module ensures hygiene through occupancy-based automated UV disinfection. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller interfaced with multiple sensors, including ultrasonic sensors, PIR sensors, a particulate matter sensor, and a DHT11 temperature-humidity sensor. A mobile application provides dedicated interfaces for system monitoring, alert management, and status visualization, supporting efficient urban governance and improved quality of life. The proposed solution demonstrates scalability, cost-effectiveness, and practical suitability for modern smart urban environments.