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Climate change poses significant threats to global agriculture, necessitating innovative solutions to enhance crop resilience and sustainability. Transgenic and gene-edited plants offer promising strategies for both climate change mitigation and adaptation by improving stress tolerance, optimizing resource use efficiency, and reducing environmental footprints. Advanced gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 enable precise modifications in plant genomes, facilitating the development of crops with enhanced drought, heat, and salinity tolerance, as well as improved nitrogen-use efficiency. Additionally, the integration of transgenic crops with precision agriculture and digital farming technologies allows for real-time monitoring and optimized management, further enhancing climate resilience. However, the widespread implementation of these technologies is hindered by regulatory inconsistencies, socioeconomic barriers, and ethical concerns surrounding genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Harmonized policy frameworks, international collaboration, and public engagement are essential to ensuring the responsible deployment of transgenic crops in climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. This chapter explores the potential of transgenic plants in addressing climate challenges, emphasizing recent advancements, integration with digital agriculture, and the need for policy reforms to support sustainable agricultural transformation.