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The ant Azteca paraensis bondari lives in association with epiphytes in a structure called ant-garden and exhibits trophobiotic interactions with hemipteran species: scale insects (Coccoidea) and other sap-sucking insects. The complexity of these interactions is not fully defined, so this study aims to describe the nesting mode, territorial occupation, and mutualistic interactions around the ant garden system involving A. paraensis bondari. Our observations were carried out in a cocoa agroecosystem in the southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Four ant-gardens of A. paraensis bondari were observed for 32 h. Each colony presented two types of interactions with hemipteran species and two with epiphytes. The trophobiont scale insect Coccus viridis (Coccidae) was common to all observed colonies, as this scale insect uses the epiphyte Codonanthopsis uleana (Gesneriaceae) as its food source. The other hemipteran species found associated with the ants are different between the colonies observed. Ants use food resources obtained from epiphyte floral and extrafloral nectaries, in addition to participating in the plant dispersal; they also use honeydew from the scale insects or other Hemiptera they tend. In turn, ants provide nutrients to epiphytes through the organic compost they depose on the ant-garden, actively prey on insects on the host plants and certainly provide dispersion and defense to the scale insects. Our results highlight the remarkable diversity of biotic interactions associated with A. paraensis bondari, forming a microcosm known as the “ant garden”. This system facilitates nutrient cycling in suspended soils and involves a variety of insects and epiphytes. Additionally, the polydomous structure of the ant colonies contributes to maintain this microcosm in a relative stable equilibrium within the ant’s territory. To safeguard A. paraensis bondari and its ecological functions, we recommend the establishment of monitoring programs to protect existing colonies and the promotion of agroecological practices that enhace biodiversity within cocoa farms.