Central precocious puberty in Türkiye, 2018–2024: national incidence, prevalence, and changes across the COVID-19 period

In this national, population-based study from Türkiye, the incidence of treatment-initiated CPP increased substantially between 2018 and 2024, with a pronounced rise during the COVID-19 period and persistently higher levels thereafter. These findings are relevant for pediatric endocrine service planning and population-level public health strategies, but should be interpreted as temporal trends in specialist-confirmed, treatment-requiring CPP rather than the full clinical spectrum of CPP (including the pandemic period) or a direct measure of biological pubertal onset in the general population.